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Hugh Fraser (22 February 1837 – 4 June 1894) was a British diplomat.〔Ian Nish. (2004). British Envoys in Japan 1859-1972, pp. 63-71.〕 Fraser headed the British Legation in Tokyo as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary.〔The first British Ambassador to Japan was appointed in 1905. Before 1905, the senior British diplomat had different titles: (a) Consul-General and Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, which is a rank just below Ambassador.〕 He headed the British delegation in the final stages of the negotiations which led to the signing on 16 July 1894 of the revised treaty (called the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation) between the United Kingdom and the Empire of Japan. This replaced the "unequal treaty" signed by James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin in 1858 and led to the abolition of extraterritoriality in Japan in 1899. Thus was Japan freed from the commercial and political burdens imposed by the unequal treaties signed with foreign countries. ==Life and career == Fraser came from the Balnain (Inverness) branch of Clan Fraser, Scotland. He was born on 22 February 1837, and attended Eton College from 1849 to 1854. Just out of Eton and not quite eighteen, Fraser was appointed, as an unpaid attaché at The Hague in January 1855, and was sent to Dresden the following month. He moved to Copenhagen in November 1857 and passed an examination in August 1859 to become a paid attaché. He was appointed to the British legation in Central America in September 1862 and subsequently served in Stockholm, and Rome. In 1874, he met and married Mary Crawford in Italy. As Mrs. Hugh Fraser, the author of several memoirs and numerous works of fiction, she eventually became better known than her husband. After a brief engagement of six weeks, Fraser and wife set out for Peking where Hugh Fraser served as Secretary of the Legation. For two years he served as Chargé d'Affaires while British Minister Sir Thomas Wade was on leave. He was transferred to Vienna in 1879, to Rome in 1882, and was then appointed Minister at Santiago, Chile in 1885. His appointment to Tokyo was announced in April 1888 and commenced on 1 May 1889. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hugh Fraser (diplomat)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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